The 2N3904 from Central Semiconductor is a silicon NPN transistor encapsulated in a TO-92 package, primarily intended for general purpose amplification and switching tasks. This component is part of a family that includes the 2N3903, with PNP complementary types being the 2N3905 and 2N3906. Its versatility and reliability make it a staple in various electronic circuits.
Featuring a collector-base voltage (VCBO) of 60V, a collector-emitter voltage (VCEO) of 40V, and an emitter-base voltage (VEBO) of 6.0V, it can handle continuous collector currents up to 200mA. The 2N3904 is capable of power dissipation up to 625mW, making it suitable for a wide range of applications. Its electrical characteristics, including a range of current gain (hFE) values and a transition frequency (fT) of up to 300MHz, ensure its performance in amplification and fast switching applications. The component also offers low saturation voltages and noise figures, contributing to its efficiency in circuit designs.
Transistor
Transistors are fundamental components in electronic circuits, acting as switches or amplifiers. Their ability to control high-power devices with low-power signals makes them essential in a wide range of applications, from simple switches to complex processing units. NPN transistors, like the 2N3904, allow current to flow when a positive voltage is applied to the base, making them suitable for diverse applications in electronics.
When selecting a transistor, important parameters include current handling capability, voltage ratings, power dissipation, gain characteristics, and switching speed. These specifications determine the transistor's suitability for various applications, whether for amplification, switching, or modulation tasks. The choice between NPN and PNP types depends on the specific requirements of the circuit, such as the direction of current flow needed.
The 2N3904 transistor's general-purpose nature means it can be used in a vast array of circuit designs, from simple signal amplification to complex digital and analog applications. Its reliability and performance have made it a go-to component for electronic engineers.
Understanding the electrical characteristics and physical package of the transistor is crucial for integrating it into a design. Factors such as thermal resistance, saturation voltages, and transition frequency play a significant role in the component's operation within a circuit. Engineers must consider these aspects alongside the application's specific needs to ensure optimal performance.